Event calculus answer set programming

Erik T. Mueller

Event calculus reasoning can be performed using answer set programming tools developed at the University of Potsdam (Gebser, Kaminski, Kaufmann, & Schaub, 2013), based on a reformulation of the event calculus in answer set programming (Lee & Palla, 2012; Kim, Lee, & Palla, 2009) and the DEC axioms (Mueller, 2004, 2015) for the event calculus (Miller & Shanahan, 2002; Shanahan, 1997; Kowalski & Sergot, 1986).

Instructions

1. Download and install clingo.
2. Download the discrete event calculus (DEC) axioms:
   • dec.lp
3. Download domain descriptions:
   • book.lp
   • rundrive.lp
   • circuit.lp (requires the CC axioms cc.lp)
4. Run domain descriptions:
   • clingo -c maxtime=1 -n 0 dec.lp rundrive.lp
   • clingo -c maxtime=4 -n 0 dec.lp book.lp
   • clingo -c maxtime=2 -n 0 dec.lp cc.lp circuit.lp

Related Resources

• 2023 (D'Asaro, Bikakis, Dickens, and Miller): EPEC - epistemic probabilistic event calculus
• 2022 (Arias, Carro, Chen, and Gupta): s(CASP) - answer set programming with constraints and event calculus support
• 2013 (Ma, Miller, Morgenstern, and Patkos): EFEC - epistemic functional event calculus
• 2009 (Lee and Palla): F2LP - first-order language converter for answer set programming
• 2009 (Kim): format-output - output formatter - converts answer set solver output into Discrete Event Calculus Reasoner output format
• 2008 (Kim, Lee, and Palla): ECASP - prototype tool for event calculus reasoning using answer set programming
• 2005 (Mueller): Discrete Event Calculus Reasoner - SAT-based event calculus reasoner

Bibliography

• Gebser, Martin,  Kaminski, Roland,  Kaufmann, Benjamin,  & Schaub, Torsten (2013). Answer set solving in practice. San Rafael, CA: Morgan & Claypool.
• Kim, Tae-Won,  Lee, Joohyung,  & Palla, Ravi (2009). Circumscriptive event calculus as answer set programming. In Proceedings of the 21st International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2009) (pp. 823-829).
• Kowalski, Robert A., & Sergot, Marek J. (1986). A logic-based calculus of events. New Generation Computing, 4(1), 67-95.
• Lee, Joohyung, & Palla, Ravi (2012). Reformulating the situation calculus and the event calculus in the general theory of stable models and in answer set programming. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 43, 571-620.
• Miller, Rob & Shanahan, Murray (2002). Some alternative formulations of the event calculus. In Antonis C. Kakas and Fariba Sadri (Eds.), Computational Logic: Logic Programming and Beyond: Essays in Honour of Robert A. Kowalski, Part II (pp. 452-490). Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Vol. 2408. Berlin: Springer.
• Mueller, Erik T. (2004). Event calculus reasoning through satisfiability. Journal of Logic and Computation, 14(5), 703-730.
• Mueller, Erik T. (2015). Commonsense Reasoning: An Event Calculus Based Approach (2nd Ed.). Waltham, MA: Morgan Kaufmann/Elsevier.
• Shanahan, Murray (1997). Solving the Frame Problem. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.